Skip to content
RC Mods

9 guides

RC electronics explained

Every electric RC model has the same chain: battery, speed controller, motor, receiver and servos, all controlled from your transmitter. These guides explain each part, how to choose it and how to keep it safe.

How the parts fit together

Whether it's a micro helicopter, a foam trainer or a 1/10 buggy, an electric RC model is built from the same handful of parts:

  1. The battery stores the energy. Almost everything now runs on LiPo, which needs careful charging and storage. Start with LiPo battery safety, then LiPo batteries explained to decode the label. If your model came with NiMH, NiMH vs LiPo explains whether to switch, and our best LiPo chargers covers the one piece of kit you shouldn't skimp on.
  2. The speed controller (ESC) takes power from the battery and drives the motor at the speed you ask for. It often powers the receiver too. See ESCs and brushless motors.
  3. The motor turns the propeller, rotor or wheels. Brushless motors are now standard in hobby-grade models.
  4. The receiver picks up commands from your transmitter. The radio you choose decides which models you can fly or drive, so read RC transmitters explained before you buy. Older 35MHz models can be brought back with a 35MHz to 2.4GHz conversion.
  5. Servos move the steering, control surfaces or swashplate. RC servos explained covers sizes, speeds and the signs one is failing.
  6. Gyros and flybarless units keep helicopters stable and give beginner planes their safety modes. See gyros and flybarless units.

What differs between helicopters, planes and cars

The parts are the same, but the priorities differ. Helicopters need precise, fast servos and a governor to hold rotor speed. Planes care most about weight, so every gram of battery and servo matters. Cars need tough, waterproof electronics and a strong steering servo, and are where NiMH packs still turn up most.

For the vehicle-specific guides, head to RC helicopters, RC planes or RC cars. New to the hobby altogether? Getting started is the place to begin.